Peanut/Groundnut - Ayurvedic remedies health benefits, application, chemical constituents, side effects and many more

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Peanut/Groundnut

Groundnuts as they are known in some parts of the world are the edible seeds of a legume. India is second largest producer of peanuts in world. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is technically considered as pea and belongs to the family (fabaceae) of bean/legume. Although a legume; it is generally included amongst the oilseeds due to its high oil content. Peanuts are rich in protein, oil and fibers. Apart from oil, peanuts are widely used for production of peanut butter, confections, roasted peanuts, snack products.

Peanuts are consumed all over the world in a wide variety of forms, most of which are traditional cuisine. Peanuts are being used as the complete dietary source for people on expeditions to diverse areas like Antarctica, space and trekking. It has notably been the source of elimination of malnutrition amongst the population in many African countries in the recent years

It has different names in different languages such as English Name(Peanut, Groundnut, Monkey nut),  Hindi Name(Mungphali),  Marathi Name(shengdane, Bhuimuga),  Gujarati Name(Magaphali, Singdana),  Kannada Name(Nelagadale),  Malayalam Name(Kappalanti, Nilakatala),  Tamil Name(Manila-k-kottai, Manila-p-payaru),  Telugu Name(Nelakadale)


Vitamins and minerals content 

Vitamin: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, C, E, folates 

Calcium: Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Maganese, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sodium, selenium, zinc, Copper 

Peanut is an excellent source of vitamin E is considered a hard-to-get nutrients

Peanuts contain all the 20 amino acids in variable proportions and is the biggest source of the protein called “arginine”. According to Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS) peanut proteins and other legume proteins such as soy proteins are nutritionally equivalent to meat and eggs for human growth and health

Peanut is an important crop grown worldwide. Commercially it is used mainly for oil production but apart from oil, the by-products of peanut contains many other functional compounds like proteins, fibers, polyphenols, antioxidants, vitamins and minerals which can be added as a functional ingredient into many processed foods. 

Recently it has also revealed that peanuts are excellent source of compounds like resveratrol, phenolic acids, flavonoids and phytosterols that block the absorption of cholesterol from diet. It is also a good source of Co-enzyme Q10 and contains all the 20 amino acids with highest amount of arginine.

Peanuts are also a good source of fiber, according to the Food and Drug Administration. Sucrose and starch constitute the major while reducing sugars form the minor proportion of the peanut carbohydrates. This may contribute to the fact that peanut have a low glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL)




Application, Uses, Remedies and Health Benefits 

1) Peanuts have high oil content, whereas Peanut oil is stable at high temperature and has higher smoke point due to which it is used worldwide as the cooking oil. It has high ratio of oleic and linoleic fatty acids which results in a better storage quality of oil and longer shelf-life of the products.


2) Peanut or the famous Mungphali is an edible seed which is consumed raw as well as oil used in many traditional cuisines. They are a rich source of protein, fiber and heart-healthy fats.


3) Peanuts promote a feeling of fullness that helps to control hunger and reduce the urge to eat large quantities of food. This makes them effective for managing weight. Using Peanut oil in cooking might help reduce cholesterol and keep the heart healthy.


4) As per Ayurveda, Peanut oil can be used externally to on dry skin due to its moisturizing and Snigdha (oily) property. It can also be applied to get relief from joint pain due to arthritis due to its Vata balancing, Snigdha (oily) and anti-inflammatory properties.


5) Avoid drinking water after eating Peanuts to prevent cough.


6) The components in peanuts are highly digestible.


7) Peanuts are rich in multiple natural micronutrients including vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds such as resveratrol that are beneficial to health, making them a viable option for improving the nutrition status of those who are malnourished, developing, growing, or in need of critical nutrients in peanuts are integral to growth, development, metabolism, immunity.


8) Certain fats, antioxidants, dietary fiber, arginine, and magnesium in peanuts are components that have been showed to help regulate inflammation


9) Regular intake of peanuts increases the production of collagen, strengthen hair follicles, prevent baldness and contribute to hair growth. 


10) Regular consumption of groundnuts along with Jaggery(not too much and proper chewing is must) provides a vibrant glow to the skin. The healthy monosaturated fat resveratrol present in these legumes prevents excess production of sebum oil and breakouts of acne and pimples. The presence of vitamin E and vitamin C aid in the prevention of fine lines, wrinkles and avoid signs of ageing.

        Click here to explore more about Jaggery


11) Groundnut oil is used to prevent cardiac diseases. It plays a import role in reducing bad cholesterol and increasing good cholesterol. It helps in maintaining a healthy lipid profile. It works incredibly in lowering high blood pressure as well because of the presence of monounsaturated fatty acids.


12) Groundnut oil is helpful in preventing stomach disorders such as constipation, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal problems.


13) Peanut chikki/ raw peanuts along with jaggery are the the instant energy bars.


14) Regular consumption peanuts/Peanut oil/peanut butter helps strength strength the muscles and hair due to its high protein and nutrients content 




Peanut Dishes

  • Peanuts have been developed into a variety of products like 
  • Roasted peanuts
  • Raw peanuts
  • Peanut & jaggery laddu 
  • Peanut butter
  • peanut oil
  • peanut paste
  • peanut sauce
  • Rough grinded peanut flour - used in lot of Dishes 
  • Peanut flour - generally produced by grinding the defatted peanut meal after oil extraction is generally used in other preparations like soup, cookies, curries
  • peanut milk
  • peanut beverage
  • peanut Chikki & snacks (salted and sweet bars)
  • peanut cheese analog.


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Refrence

  1. J Food Sci Technol. 2016 Jan; 53(1): 31–41.  PMCID: PMC4711439
  2. Front. Nutr., 01 April 2022(Effect of Peanut Consumption on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Randomized Clinical Trial and Meta-Analysis)
  3. Nutrients. 2019 Jul; 11(7): 1508.  PMCID: PMC6682967
  4. CMAJ. 2003 May 13; 168(10): 1279–1285.  PMCID: PMC154188
  5. USDA - 2014
  6. NCBI
  7. PUBMED
  8. Local Tradition and Knowledge 
  9. Nutrients. 2010 Jul; 2(7): 652–682.  PMCID: PMC3257681
  10. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2018;58(17):3042-3053. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1339015.
  11. International Journal for Pharmaceutical Research Scholars (IJPRS), V-3, I-1, 2014
  12. Ayush Dietary Advisory for Kuposhan Mukt Bharat
  13. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2020; 9(6): 225-232
  14. International Journal of Health Sciences & Research.  Vol.9; Issue: 12; December 2019
  15. Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2012, 3, 1644-1650
  16. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 7 (13), pp. 2203-2208, 4 July, 2008




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